Storing power in NTM can be done in two similar but somewhat distinct manners, in batteries, and in capacitors, each of these coming with their own strengths and weaknesses, making them capable of covering many use cases.
In general, the rule of thumb for power storage is:
Batteries store a lot of power, but discharge it very slowly. This makes them ideal for baseline power load, ensuring that a network has at least minimal power for long periods of time, even after power generation stops.
Capacitors store less power, but can discharge it rapidly. This makes them useful for high-power scenarios, like welding, where a huge amount of power is required in short bursts, which may overwhelm certain power generation options.
Batteries and capacitors can be placed directly into battery slots on machines in order to provide power to machines that consume it, or receive power from machines that generate it. However, this is a manual process, and it is more ideal to connect power storage to the grid using battery sockets.
Connecting storage to the grid
Batteries and capacitors can be connected to an energy transmission grid (transmitted by cables and electrical connectors), via a battery socket. These sockets are crafted in a crafting table with the following recipes:
Batteries come in many tiers, from simple redstone batteries, all the way up to quantum batteries. As mentioned before, the discharge rates of batteries are generally quite poor for their tier, but they store a good deal of charge.
Capacitors are the workhorse power storage option, capable of discharging a lot of power rapidly, making them vital for power banks for high-power operations. They also come in many tiers